Iran Nuke Deal
Background of Iran-US relations
Iran and US has hostile relations since the inception of Iranian Revolution in 1979. They reach to another level when Iranian students supporting Ayatollah Khomeini-led revolution attacked US embassy taking 52 US diplomats hostage for 444 days in November, 1979. After this incident, 'word-war' escalated between the two countries as Iranians call US a 'Great Satan' and US calls them 'Axis of Evils'.
Meanwhile Iran obtained nuclear weapons capabilities through uranium enrichment with the assistance from Pakistan's Dr. A. Q Khan. Rift in relations continue to widen after reported involvement of Israeli in killing of five scientists of Iran and in response Iran attacked Israeli missions in various countries including India. The US contributed by actions like injecting a ''Stuxnet'' virus to disable Iran's enrichment programme.
US tried its best to stop the Iran's nuclear programme. Since Iran is signatory to Treaty of Non proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and can use it only for civilian and peaceful purposes, western countries demanded the same from Iran. While the negotiations were under way, UN Security Council passed ten resolutions against Iran which includes banking sanctions, freeze of financial assets, travel restrictions and trading sanctions.
Negotiating Players
The negotiations on comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear programme is going on between Iran and P5+1 plus the European Union. The P5 + 1 refers to the five permanent members of UN Security Council viz US, France, Russia, China and United Kingdom plus Germany.
The agreement is also called Lausanne agreement because deal finalised in this city of Switzerland.
Features of the deal
1. Iran has agreed to restrict its uranium enrichment to 3.67% sufficient for civilian use and well below the weapon grade.
2. It has installed 19,000 centrifuges for enrichment. Under the deal only 5060 will be used for the next 10 years.
3. There will be only one enrichment facility at Natanz. One of its underground enrichment facility at Fordow will stop all enrichment for 15 years.
4. Arak, Iran's only Plutonium reactor, will be modified to not produce any Plutonium.
5. IAEA will have full inspection powers.
In return for the restrictions that Iran has agreed to, the US and other Permanent Members of the Security Council together with the members of the European Union will lift nuclear related sanctions on Iran.
India's interest in the deal
The end of sanctions against Iran will benefit India significantly. It will substantially boost our exports of refined petroleum products and open the doors for investments in Iran’s oil and natural gas sector, with prospects for an undersea gas pipeline. A normalisation of Iran-US relations will also clear the deck for dealing jointly with Taliban style extremism and terrorism across our western borders.
Iran and US has hostile relations since the inception of Iranian Revolution in 1979. They reach to another level when Iranian students supporting Ayatollah Khomeini-led revolution attacked US embassy taking 52 US diplomats hostage for 444 days in November, 1979. After this incident, 'word-war' escalated between the two countries as Iranians call US a 'Great Satan' and US calls them 'Axis of Evils'.
Meanwhile Iran obtained nuclear weapons capabilities through uranium enrichment with the assistance from Pakistan's Dr. A. Q Khan. Rift in relations continue to widen after reported involvement of Israeli in killing of five scientists of Iran and in response Iran attacked Israeli missions in various countries including India. The US contributed by actions like injecting a ''Stuxnet'' virus to disable Iran's enrichment programme.
US tried its best to stop the Iran's nuclear programme. Since Iran is signatory to Treaty of Non proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and can use it only for civilian and peaceful purposes, western countries demanded the same from Iran. While the negotiations were under way, UN Security Council passed ten resolutions against Iran which includes banking sanctions, freeze of financial assets, travel restrictions and trading sanctions.
Negotiating Players
The negotiations on comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear programme is going on between Iran and P5+1 plus the European Union. The P5 + 1 refers to the five permanent members of UN Security Council viz US, France, Russia, China and United Kingdom plus Germany.
The agreement is also called Lausanne agreement because deal finalised in this city of Switzerland.
Features of the deal
1. Iran has agreed to restrict its uranium enrichment to 3.67% sufficient for civilian use and well below the weapon grade.
2. It has installed 19,000 centrifuges for enrichment. Under the deal only 5060 will be used for the next 10 years.
3. There will be only one enrichment facility at Natanz. One of its underground enrichment facility at Fordow will stop all enrichment for 15 years.
4. Arak, Iran's only Plutonium reactor, will be modified to not produce any Plutonium.
5. IAEA will have full inspection powers.
In return for the restrictions that Iran has agreed to, the US and other Permanent Members of the Security Council together with the members of the European Union will lift nuclear related sanctions on Iran.
India's interest in the deal
The end of sanctions against Iran will benefit India significantly. It will substantially boost our exports of refined petroleum products and open the doors for investments in Iran’s oil and natural gas sector, with prospects for an undersea gas pipeline. A normalisation of Iran-US relations will also clear the deck for dealing jointly with Taliban style extremism and terrorism across our western borders.
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